Fruit of the genus Malus, in the rose family,
the most widely cultivated tree fruit. Malus species are native
to the temperate zones of both hemispheres. They require a
considerable period of dormancy, well-drained soil, careful
pruning in early years of growth, and a rigorous pest-management
program for mature trees.
The apple is a tree and its pomaceous fruit, of the
species Malus domestica in the rose family Rosaceae. It is one
of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. It is a small
deciduous tree reaching 5-12 m tall, with a broad, often densely
twiggy crown.
The apple is one of the pome (fleshy) fruits.
Apples at harvest vary widely in size, shape, colour, and
acidity, but most are fairly round and some shade of red or
yellow. The thousands of varieties fall into three broad
classes: cider, cooking, and dessert varieties.
Varieties that
ripen in late summer generally do not store well, but those that
ripen in late autumn may be stored for as long as a year.
The largest producers of apples are the U.S.,
China, France, Italy, and Turkey. Eaten fresh or cooked in
various ways, apples provide vitamins A and C, carbohydrates,
and fibre.
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